The excitement of the evening
The excitement of the evening
The excitement of the evening
If Brexit were postponed again, Great Britain might have to take part in the European elections at the end of May. "That would be just ridiculous", said May’s party colleague Greg Hands and warned Europe. If his country were forced to vote, even more EU opponents would be elected to parliament. This causality met with strong resistance in the group. Von der Leyen did not want to make the European elections a secret second referendum on leaving. But she saw an opportunity: "I firmly believe that young people will vote clearly for Europe." They understood that they could send a signal against division. "That is the opportunity for young people"said von der Leyen.
Dittert also spoke of a younger generation that is more pro-European than it has been for a long time: "The mood in Great Britain has changed."
The quote of the evening
Many concerns about Brexit still appear as gray theory in large parts of the EU. It looks very different in Northern Ireland. There, the possibility of a hard division of the island brings back traumatic memories of decades of terror and thousands of deaths. The Scottish Brexit opponent Philippa Whitford was born in Belfast and is still related there. She knows: "People are really scared again."
While Verheugen said: "The truth is, with good will, this Northern Ireland problem is not that terribly difficult", von der Leyen saw it as much more than an annoying stumbling block on the way to a solution. She spoke of one "Border that shouldn’t be one where so much blood has flowed". If Ireland and Northern Ireland were to be separated by an external European border without special regulations, this would have unforeseeable consequences: "The old wounds would all be opened again."
The fact check
Whitford pointed to the historical importance of the Good Friday Agreement for the people of Ireland and Northern Ireland. In April 1998 the Republic of Ireland waived its demand for reunification. In the 20 years that followed, the limit became more and more of a theory in everyday life. Goods are of course further processed in the neighboring country and sent back again, the electricity market is generally standardized.
This lively exchange leaves traces and blurs dividing lines. "There are around 275 (land) border crossing points between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland", informs the European Parliament. "For comparison: On the entire eastern border of the European Union, from Finland to Greece, there are only 137 border crossings." Under the Good Friday Agreement, all citizens born in Northern Ireland have a choice of citizenship: British, Irish, or both. Northern Irish with a British passport will have a different status after Brexit than compatriots with an Irish passport who suddenly find themselves outside the EU.
In January a car bomb exploded in Londonderry, Northern Ireland. IRA dissidents were suspected to be behind the attack, but a connection to Brexit has not been proven. The detonation near the inner-Irish border immediately aroused bad memories – also because of the symbolic power of the crime scene, that city, the supporters of a unified Ireland by its old name "Derry" call.
Sources used: European Parliament on Ireland and Brexit BBC on the future status of Northern Irish "daily News" on the explosion in Londonderryother sources show less sources
Did the Libya conference bring about the breakthrough? Foreign Minister Maas is confident: "We have never been that far in recent years." Others warn: Putin and Erdogan have absolutely no interest in peace.
The guests
Heiko Maas (SPD), Federal Minister of Foreign AffairsSevim Dagdelen (Die Linke), member of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the German Bundestag Hanan Salah, Libya rapporteur at Human Rights Watch Wolfram Lacher, political scientist, Science and Politics Foundation Christoph von Marschall, diplomatic correspondent from "Daily mirror"
The positions
Foreign Minister Heiko Maas sees the result of the Berlin Libya Conference as a great success.https://123helpme.me/argumentative-essay-topics/ The parties to the civil war would no longer receive any support from outside. "That was the real aim of this conference and we achieved it"said Maas. "We have never been that far in recent years." The Foreign Minister admitted: "Of course, it all took too long" and the summit is only a first step. "It is now up to us to turn paper into reality"said the SPD politician. "The first thing we have to do is get the guns silent." Only the end of the civil war creates the conditions for the rule of law and the observance of human rights.
There was definitely praise in the group for the efforts of the federal government. However, doubts outweighed whether the summit actually brought about the change of heart conjured up by Maas. Libya is considered the scene of one of the great proxy wars. The unity government under Fajis al-Sarradsch, recognized by the United Nations, is mainly supported by Turkey. General Khalifa Haftar controls most of the country – thanks in part to help from Russia.
How confident is he that these supporters will withdraw from Libya? Anne Will wanted to know from Wolfram Lacher. "So far there are no signs of this at all"replied the expert after the Berlin conference. "We have to see clearly that a country like Russia has no interest at the moment in having peace in Libya", said Christoph von Marschall. The same applies to Turkey.
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"Nice that you signed that", he said "Daily mirror"-Journalist with a view to the decisions of Berlin. But of course Russian militias would not be withdrawing from Libya now. The decisive factor is whether the arms embargo will finally actually be enforced in the future with more stringent means.
The question of the evening
Who should enforce this? Will finally asked Maas directly. The Foreign Minister saw a need for talks between the United Nations, the European Union, the African Union and the Arab League over the next few weeks: "Possibly the responsibility will be shared between different international organizations." Defense Minister Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer had brought a deployment of the Bundeswehr in Libya into play. Maas said: "Of course, we cannot simply pull ourselves out of responsibility when implementing this process." But sending European military to Africa is extremely problematic for many states in the African Union.
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Left-wing politician Sevim Dagdelen rejected a military operation by European states. "I think that’s fatal", she said. "You cannot be the arsonist and oversee the arms embargo at the same time", she criticized with a view to France, which – contrary to the official EU line – should have supported General Haftar. In Lacher’s view, the division and weakness of the EU and its failure to intervene made it possible for Russia and Turkey to position themselves there in the first place.
The quote of the evening
Germany’s commitment to peace in Libya is also due to the importance of the Mediterranean region for the flow of refugees from Africa to Europe. Human rights activist Hanan Salah accused the EU of having placed the sea rescue in the hands of militias. Europe must take on this very own task again. Dagdelen saw it that way too. The so-called coast guard consists of Islamist militias, the people back in "Hell camp" send what violates European law: "Anyone who works with such militias is destroying the European idea."
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The fact check
Why is Libya so interesting for Russia and Turkey? This crucial question is explained by experts both geopolitically and ideologically. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan wants to strengthen Turkey with the support of the al-Sarradsch government as a counterweight to the regional powers Egypt and the United Arab Emirates. For their part, they support General Haftar, who has positioned himself as an opponent of the Islamists. According to observers, Russian President Vladimir Putin is also using Libya to further weaken the position of the West.
Again and again, however, it is primarily about one thing: crude oil. Libya has the largest oil reserves on the African continent. According to BP’s annual energy report, at the end of 2018 it was 2.8 percent of total recorded inventories worldwide. That was three and a half times as much oil as can be found in all of Europe. For comparison: According to the report, the USA accounted for 3.5 percent of the world’s oil reserves. In terms of natural gas, Libya ranks fourth in Africa with 0.7 percent and is level with India.
Dagdelen’s conclusion "It is of course also about a proxy war between the oil companies" However, it met with little response in the group.
Sources used:"daily News" to "Who wants what in Libya? BP report "Statistical Review of World Energy"
The unholy trinity of Erdogan, Trump and Putin creates terrible facts in Syria – and Brexit Europe watches helplessly. Anne Will’s guests say: The EU has to be jolted.
The guests
Norbert Röttgen (CDU), Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee in the BundestagSevim Dagdelen (Die Linke), deputy parliamentary group leader in the Bundestag Ben Hodges, retired Lieutenant General, former commander of the US Army in Europe Wolfgang Ischinger, Chairman of the Munich Security Conference in Teher des ARDiri., Head of the Munich Security Conference Natalie Amaniri
The positions
Anne Will’s guests and the presenter herself had no illusions on Sunday evening. Sevim Dagdelen denounced the Turkish massacre of Kurdish civilians after the US troops withdrew from Syria and spoke of one "Declaration of bankruptcy for the entire western community of values". But Donald Trump will accept this in order to achieve his goal: "He wants to keep Turkey as a partner in NATO, no matter what the cost."
Norbert Röttgen spoke of one "real low point in American diplomacy". It is pathetic that the USA had completely adopted Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s interests in the 13-point agreement with Turkey and thus provided an alibi for the Turkish approach. "An illegal war is being waged and the US is talking to Turkey about ‘Operation Peace Source’", criticized Röttgen.
Ex-NATO commander Ben Hodges underlined: "This withdrawal is a terrible mistake." He thought: The US should rather not have held talks with Erdogan on its own. It would have been better if US Secretary of State Mike Pence had been accompanied by representatives from the Allies. According to Wolfgang Ischinger, however, the absence of Europeans at the negotiating table was symptomatic.
The "disastrous development" In his view, Syria means again that Europe is helplessly watching the goings-on of others. "We Europeans have tried to outsource our security in this region to the USA", criticized Ischinger. The EU has failed to play a bigger role in the region since 2011 and, unlike Russia and the USA, has not even appointed a special envoy. "Then we shouldn’t be surprised when negotiations go beyond our interests"said Ischinger and asked: "Where is the European Union?"
The solution?
Anyone who hopes that the EU will set an example with an arms embargo, for example, will be bitterly disappointed, according to Röttgen. "There is no agreement"he said, looking at Brussels.
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